Python - Basic Movie Database: Add, Edit, Delete, and View Movies

Basic Movie Database: Create a simple movie database with features like adding, editing, and deleting movies.

Input values:
Add a Movie: Movie title
Director
Year of release
Genre.

Edit a Movie:
Movie ID or title (to identify the movie to be edited)
New title, director, year of release, and/or genre (fields to be updated)
Delete a Movie:
Movie ID or title (to identify the movie to be deleted)
View Movies:
Option to view all movies or search by title, director, year, or genre
Output Values: Confirmation message after adding, editing, or deleting a movie.
List of movies when viewing or searching.
Error messages if any operations fail (e.g., movie not found, invalid input).

Examples:

Example 1: Adding a Movie
Input:
Title: "Inception"
Director: "Christopher Nolan"
Year of Release: 2010
Genre: "Science Fiction"
Output:
"Movie 'Inception' added successfully."

Example 2: Editing a Movie
Input:
Movie ID: 1
New Title: "Inception: The Dream"
New Director: (leave blank to keep the same)
New Year of Release: (leave blank to keep the same)
New Genre: (leave blank to keep the same)
Output:
"Movie with ID 1 updated successfully."

Example 3: Deleting a Movie
Input:
Movie ID: 1
Output:
"Movie with ID 1 deleted successfully."

Example 4: Viewing Movies
Input:
Option: View all movies
Output:
List of all movies in the database:
1. Inception, directed by Christopher Nolan, released in 2010, Genre: Science Fiction
2. The Matrix, directed by Lana Wachowski and Lilly Wachowski, released in 1999, Genre: Science Fiction

Example 5: Searching for a Movie
Input:
Search by Title: "Inception"
Output:
List of movies matching the search:
1. Inception, directed by Christopher Nolan, released in 2010, Genre: Science Fiction

Solution 1: Using a Python List of Dictionaries for the Movie Database

This solution uses a simple Python list of dictionaries to represent the movie database. Each dictionary contains information about a movie, such as its title, director, year of release, and genre.

Code:

# Solution 1: Using a list of dictionaries to manage the movie database

# Initialize an empty list to store movies
movies = []

# Function to add a movie
def add_movie(title, director, year, genre):
    # Each movie is represented as a dictionary
    movie = {
        "id": len(movies) + 1,  # Unique ID for the movie
        "title": title,
        "director": director,
        "year": year,
        "genre": genre
    }
    movies.append(movie)  # Add the movie to the list
    print(f"Movie '{title}' added successfully.")

# Function to edit a movie
def edit_movie(movie_id, new_title=None, new_director=None, new_year=None, new_genre=None):
    # Find the movie by its ID
    for movie in movies:
        if movie["id"] == movie_id:
            # Update fields only if new values are provided
            if new_title:
                movie["title"] = new_title
            if new_director:
                movie["director"] = new_director
            if new_year:
                movie["year"] = new_year
            if new_genre:
                movie["genre"] = new_genre
            print(f"Movie with ID {movie_id} updated successfully.")
            return
    print(f"Movie with ID {movie_id} not found.")

# Function to delete a movie
def delete_movie(movie_id):
    global movies
    # Create a new list without the movie to be deleted
    movies = [movie for movie in movies if movie["id"] != movie_id]
    print(f"Movie with ID {movie_id} deleted successfully.")

# Function to view all movies
def view_movies():
    if movies:
        for movie in movies:
            print(f"{movie['id']}. {movie['title']}, directed by {movie['director']}, "
                  f"released in {movie['year']}, Genre: {movie['genre']}")
    else:
        print("No movies in the database.")

# Function to search for movies by title
def search_movie_by_title(title):
    found_movies = [movie for movie in movies if title.lower() in movie["title"].lower()]
    if found_movies:
        for movie in found_movies:
            print(f"{movie['id']}. {movie['title']}, directed by {movie['director']}, "
                  f"released in {movie['year']}, Genre: {movie['genre']}")
    else:
        print(f"No movies found with title '{title}'.")

# Example usage:
add_movie("Inception", "Christopher Nolan", 2010, "Science Fiction")
add_movie("The Matrix", "Wachowski Sisters", 1999, "Science Fiction")
view_movies()
edit_movie(1, new_title="Inception: The Dream")
delete_movie(2)
view_movies()
search_movie_by_title("Inception")

Output:

Movie 'Inception' added successfully.
Movie 'The Matrix' added successfully.
1. Inception, directed by Christopher Nolan, released in 2010, Genre: Science Fiction
2. The Matrix, directed by Wachowski Sisters, released in 1999, Genre: Science Fiction
Movie with ID 1 updated successfully.
Movie with ID 2 deleted successfully.
1. Inception: The Dream, directed by Christopher Nolan, released in 2010, Genre: Science Fiction
1. Inception: The Dream, directed by Christopher Nolan, released in 2010, Genre: Science Fiction

Explanation:

• Movies are stored in a list as dictionaries with fields like title, director, year, and genre.
• Functions allow adding, editing, deleting, viewing, and searching movies.
• Easy-to-understand structure but data is not persistent (only stored in memory).

Solution 2: Using SQLite Database for Persistent Storage

This solution uses SQLite, a lightweight relational database, to store movie data. This approach allows the data to be persistent across program executions.

Code:

# Solution 2: Using SQLite for persistent movie database storage
import sqlite3

# Connect to (or create) a database
conn = sqlite3.connect("movies.db")
cursor = conn.cursor()

# Create a table for movies
cursor.execute('''
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS movies (
    id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY,
    title TEXT,
    director TEXT,
    year INTEGER,
    genre TEXT
)
''')

# Function to add a movie
def add_movie(title, director, year, genre):
    cursor.execute("INSERT INTO movies (title, director, year, genre) VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?)",
                   (title, director, year, genre))
    conn.commit()
    print(f"Movie '{title}' added successfully.")

# Function to edit a movie
def edit_movie(movie_id, new_title=None, new_director=None, new_year=None, new_genre=None):
    movie = cursor.execute("SELECT * FROM movies WHERE id=?", (movie_id,)).fetchone()
    if movie:
        cursor.execute('''
            UPDATE movies SET title=?, director=?, year=?, genre=?
            WHERE id=?
        ''', (new_title or movie[1], new_director or movie[2], new_year or movie[3], new_genre or movie[4], movie_id))
        conn.commit()
        print(f"Movie with ID {movie_id} updated successfully.")
    else:
        print(f"Movie with ID {movie_id} not found.")

# Function to delete a movie
def delete_movie(movie_id):
    cursor.execute("DELETE FROM movies WHERE id=?", (movie_id,))
    conn.commit()
    print(f"Movie with ID {movie_id} deleted successfully.")

# Function to view all movies
def view_movies():
    cursor.execute("SELECT * FROM movies")
    movies = cursor.fetchall()
    if movies:
        for movie in movies:
            print(f"{movie[0]}. {movie[1]}, directed by {movie[2]}, released in {movie[3]}, Genre: {movie[4]}")
    else:
        print("No movies in the database.")

# Function to search for movies by title
def search_movie_by_title(title):
    cursor.execute("SELECT * FROM movies WHERE title LIKE ?", ('%' + title + '%',))
    movies = cursor.fetchall()
    if movies:
        for movie in movies:
            print(f"{movie[0]}. {movie[1]}, directed by {movie[2]}, released in {movie[3]}, Genre: {movie[4]}")
    else:
        print(f"No movies found with title '{title}'.")

# Example usage:
add_movie("Inception", "Christopher Nolan", 2010, "Science Fiction")
add_movie("The Matrix", "Wachowski Sisters", 1999, "Science Fiction")
view_movies()
edit_movie(1, new_title="Inception: The Dream")
delete_movie(2)
view_movies()
search_movie_by_title("Inception")

# Close the connection when done
conn.close()

Output:

 Movie 'Inception' added successfully.
Movie 'The Matrix' added successfully.
1. Inception: The Dream, directed by Christopher Nolan, released in 2010, Genre: Science Fiction
2. Inception, directed by Christopher Nolan, released in 2010, Genre: Science Fiction
3. The Matrix, directed by Wachowski Sisters, released in 1999, Genre: Science Fiction
Movie with ID 1 updated successfully.
Movie with ID 2 deleted successfully.
1. Inception: The Dream, directed by Christopher Nolan, released in 2010, Genre: Science Fiction
3. The Matrix, directed by Wachowski Sisters, released in 1999, Genre: Science Fiction
1. Inception: The Dream, directed by Christopher Nolan, released in 2010, Genre: Science Fiction.

Explanation:

• A SQLite database is used to store movies persistently.
• The database has a table called movies with columns like title, director, year, and genre.
• SQL queries handle adding, editing, deleting, and searching movies.
• Data is stored on disk and can be retrieved even after restarting the program.