Implementing a Python decorator for function results caching

Last update on December 21 2024 07:28:03 (UTC/GMT +8 hours)

Write a Python program that implements a decorator to cache the result of a function.

Sample Solution:

Python Code:

def cache_result(func):
    cache = {}

    def wrapper(*args, **kwargs):
        key = (*args, *kwargs.items())

        if key in cache:
            print("Retrieving result from cache...")
            return cache[key]

        result = func(*args, **kwargs)
        cache[key] = result

        return result

    return wrapper


# Example usage

@cache_result
def calculate_multiply(x, y):
    print("Calculating the product of two numbers...")
    return x * y

# Call the decorated function multiple times
print(calculate_multiply(4, 5))  # Calculation is performed
print(calculate_multiply(4, 5))  # Result is retrieved from cache
print(calculate_multiply(5, 7))  # Calculation is performed
print(calculate_multiply(5, 7))  # Result is retrieved from cache
print(calculate_multiply(-3, 7))  # Calculation is performed
print(calculate_multiply(-3, 7))  # Result is retrieved from cache

Sample Output:

Calculating the product of two numbers...
20
Retrieving result from cache...
20
Calculating the product of two numbers...
35
Retrieving result from cache...
35
Calculating the product of two numbers...
-21
Retrieving result from cache...
-21

Explanation:

In the above exercise,

The function "calculate_multiply()" is decorated with '@cache_result'. When 'calculate_multiply' is called with the same arguments multiple times, the decorator checks the cache to see if the result is already available. If it is, the cached result is returned, and if not, the calculation is performed and the result is stored in the cache.

The example code output demonstrates the caching behavior. The first call to calculate_multiply(4, 5) performs the calculation and prints "Calculating the product of two numbers...". The second call with the same arguments retrieves the result from the cache and prints "Retrieving result from cache...". The same pattern applies to subsequent calls with the same or different arguments.

Flowchart:

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