Implementing a Python decorator for function retry

Last update on December 21 2024 07:28:04 (UTC/GMT +8 hours)

Write a Python program that implements a decorator to retry a function multiple times in case of failure.

Sample Solution:

Python Code:

import sqlite3
import time

def retry_on_failure(max_retries, delay=1):
    def decorator(func):
        def wrapper(*args, **kwargs):
            for _ in range(max_retries):
                try:
                    result = func(*args, **kwargs)
                    return result
                except Exception as e:
                    print(f"Error occurred: {e}. Retrying...")
                    time.sleep(delay)
            raise Exception("Maximum retries exceeded. Function failed.")

        return wrapper
    return decorator

@retry_on_failure(max_retries=3, delay=2)
def connect_to_database():
    conn = sqlite3.connect("example.db")
    cursor = conn.cursor()
    cursor.execute("SELECT * FROM users")
    result = cursor.fetchall()
    cursor.close()
    conn.close()
    return result

try:
    data = connect_to_database()
    print("Data retrieved successfully:", data)
except Exception as e:
    print(f"Failed to connect to the database: {e}")

Sample Output:

Error occurred: no such table: users. Retrying...
Error occurred: no such table: users. Retrying...
Error occurred: no such table: users. Retrying...
Failed to connect to the database: Maximum retries exceeded. Function failed.

Explanation:

In the above exercise -

The function "connect_to_database()" uses the sqlite3 library to connect to a SQLite database file named example.db. The function executes a simple query to fetch all rows from the "users" table.

The "connect_to_database()" function is decorated with @retry_on_failure(max_retries=3, delay=2), which means it will be retried up to 3 times with a 2-second delay between retries if any exception occurs during execution.

The retry_on_failure decorator wraps the "connect_to_database()" function and provides retry logic. If an exception occurs during execution, the decorator will catch the exception, wait for the specified delay, and retry the function. When the maximum number of retries is reached and the function still fails, an exception is thrown.

Flowchart:

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