Python: Determine which characters of a hexadecimal number correspond to prime numbers

Python Programming Puzzles: Exercise-44 with Solution

From Wikipedia:
The hexadecimal numeral system, often shortened to "hex", is a numeral system made up of 16 symbols (base 16). The standard numeral system is called decimal (base 10) and uses ten symbols: 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9. Hexadecimal uses the decimal numbers and six extra symbols. There are no numerical symbols that represent values greater than nine, so letters taken from the English alphabet are used, specifically A, B, C, D, E and F. Hexadecimal A = decimal 10, and hexadecimal F = decimal 15.
A prime number (or a prime) is a natural number greater than 1 that is not a product of two smaller natural numbers. A natural number greater than 1 that is not prime is called a composite number. For example, 5 is prime because the only ways of writing it as a product, 1 × 5 or 5 × 1, involve 5 itself. However, 4 is composite because it is a product (2 × 2) in which both numbers are smaller than 4. Primes are central in number theory because of the fundamental theorem of arithmetic: every natural number greater than 1 is either a prime itself or can be factorized as a product of primes that is unique up to their order.
Write a Python program to find which characters of a hexadecimal number correspond to prime numbers.

Input: 123ABCD
Output:
[False, True, True, False, True, False, True]

Input: 123456
Output:
[False, True, True, False, True, False]

Input: FACE
Output:
[False, False, False, False]

Visual Presentation:

Sample Solution:

Python Code:

# Define a function named 'test' that takes a hexadecimal number 'hn' as input
def test(hn):
    # List comprehension to check if each character in 'hn' corresponds to a prime number or 'B' or 'D'
    return [c in "2357BD" for c in hn]

# Assign a specific hexadecimal number 'hn' to the variable
hn = "123ABCD"
# Print a message indicating the original hexadecimal number
print("Original hexadecimal number:", hn)
# Print a message indicating the operation to be performed
print("Characters of the said hexadecimal number correspond to prime numbers:")
# Print the result of the test function applied to 'hn'
print(test(hn))

# Assign another specific hexadecimal number 'hn' to the variable
hn = "123456"
# Print a message indicating the original hexadecimal number
print("\nOriginal hexadecimal number:", hn)
# Print a message indicating the operation to be performed
print("Characters of the said hexadecimal number correspond to prime numbers:")
# Print the result of the test function applied to 'hn'
print(test(hn))

# Assign another specific hexadecimal number 'hn' to the variable
hn = "FACE"
# Print a message indicating the original hexadecimal number
print("\nOriginal hexadecimal number:", hn)
# Print a message indicating the operation to be performed
print("Characters of the said hexadecimal number correspond to prime numbers:")
# Print the result of the test function applied to 'hn'
print(test(hn))

Sample Output:

Original hexadecimal number: 123ABCD
Characters of the said hexadecimal number correspond to prime numbers:
[False, True, True, False, True, False, True]

Original hexadecimal number: 123456
Characters of the said hexadecimal number correspond to prime numbers:
[False, True, True, False, True, False]

Original hexadecimal number: FACE
Characters of the said hexadecimal number correspond to prime numbers:
[False, False, False, False]

Flowchart:

Python Code Editor :

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