Python PyQt5 window with multiple widgets and layouts
Python PyQt Basic: Exercise-3 with Solution
Write a Python program that creates a window with multiple widgets using vertical and horizontal layouts. Use PyQt module.
From doc.qt.io:
QApplication Class: The QApplication class manages the GUI application's control flow and main settings.
QMainWindow Class: The QMainWindow class provides a main application window.
QLabel Class: The QLabel widget provides a text or image display.
QPushButton: The push button, or command button, is perhaps the most commonly used widget in any graphical user interface. Push (click) a button to command the computer to perform some action, or to answer a question. Typical buttons are OK, Apply, Cancel, Close, Yes, No and Help.
QVBoxLayout Class: This class is used to construct vertical box layout objects.
QHBoxLayout Class: The QHBoxLayout class lines up widgets horizontally .
QWidget: The QWidget class is the base class of all user interface objects.
Sample Solution:
Python Code:
import sys
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QApplication, QMainWindow, QLabel, QPushButton, QVBoxLayout, QHBoxLayout, QWidget
def main():
# Create a PyQt application
app = QApplication(sys.argv)
# Create a QMainWindow (main window)
main_window = QMainWindow()
# Set the window properties (title and initial size)
main_window.setWindowTitle("Widgets Layout")
main_window.setGeometry(100, 100, 400, 300) # (x, y, width, height)
# Create a central widget for the main window
central_widget = QWidget()
main_window.setCentralWidget(central_widget)
# Create widgets (QLabel and QPushButton)
label1 = QLabel("Label 1")
label2 = QLabel("Label 2")
button1 = QPushButton("Button 1")
button2 = QPushButton("Button 2")
# Create vertical and horizontal layouts
vertical_layout = QVBoxLayout()
horizontal_layout = QHBoxLayout()
# Add widgets to layouts
vertical_layout.addWidget(label1)
vertical_layout.addWidget(label2)
horizontal_layout.addWidget(button1)
horizontal_layout.addWidget(button2)
# Set the horizontal layout as a widget within the vertical layout
vertical_layout.addWidget(QWidget()) # Spacer
vertical_layout.addLayout(horizontal_layout)
# Set the layout for the central widget
central_widget.setLayout(vertical_layout)
# Show the window
main_window.show()
# Run the application's event loop
sys.exit(app.exec_())
if __name__ == "__main__":
main()
Explanation:
In the exercise above -
- Import the necessary modules from PyQt5.
- Create a "QApplication" object to manage application control flow and settings.
- Create a "QMainWindow" object for the main application window and set its title and initial size.
- Create a central widget (a QWidget) to hold our other widgets.
- Create two labels and two buttons as widgets.
- Create both vertical (QVBoxLayout) and horizontal (QHBoxLayout) layouts.
- Add the labels to the vertical layout and the buttons to the horizontal layout.
- Add a spacer (QWidget()) to the vertical layout to separate the labels and the buttons.
- Add the horizontal layout to the vertical layout, effectively nesting them.
- Finally, we set the central widget layout and show the main window.
Output:
Flowchart:
Python Code Editor:
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